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Detailed Description

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This implements a user interface for controlling the camera with the mouse.

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It is a special interface inspired by the "Unicam" technique developed by Zeleznik et al.
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The key feature is that this interface makes it possible to control camera pan, dolly, and rotation with only a single mouse button. That is quite useful because it leaves the other mouse buttons free for pointing, sketching, or other interaction techniques.

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The only downside of this technique is that it can take some time to learn. In order to enjoy it, you will need to read these brief instructions on how to Pan, Dolly, Rotate, and Spin:

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Pan: Click and drag horizontally with the mouse. Once you make an initial horizontal movement you can than pan up and down as well, but the key to entering pan mode is to start with a horizontal movement.
Dolly: Click and drag vertically with the mouse. The initial movement must be vertical. If you click on some object in the scene, then the speed of dollying is set so that the object will come all the up to the camera lens if you drag the mouse to the bottom of the screen.
Rotate: Start with a quick click and release to set the center of rotation.
- This is most useful if you click on some object in the scene. You will see a black dot appear to mark the center of rotation. If you click on the background then a center of rotation will be selected for you. It will be a point straight ahead and at a depth 4.0 units away. The depth can be adjusted for your application with set_default_depth(). Once your center of rotation is established, move your mouse away a bit and then click and drag to do a trackball rotatation of the scene around this point. Come to a stop before letting go of the mouse button in order to avoid entering the spin state!
Spin: For some fun, try "throwing" the scene so that it continues to rotate even after you let go. To do this, start a rotation and then let go of the mouse button while your mouse is still moving. To stop spinning just click and release the mouse once to "catch" the scene.

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Example usage:

// Create a global or member variable in your MyGraphicsApp class:

-UniCam unicam_;

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-void MyGraphicsApp::OnLeftMouseDown(const Point2 &pos) {

-    Point2 mouse_xy = PixelsToNormalizedDeviceCoords(pos);

-    float mouse_z = ReadZValueAtPixel(pos);

-    unicam_.OnButtonDown(mouse_xy, mouse_z);

-}

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-void MyGraphicsApp::OnLeftMouseDrag(const Point2 &pos, const Vector2 &delta) {

-    Point2 mouse_xy = PixelsToNormalizedDeviceCoords(pos);

-    unicam_.OnDrag(mouse_xy);

-}

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-void MyGraphicsApp::OnLeftMouseUp(const Point2 &pos) {

-    Point2 mouse_xy = PixelsToNormalizedDeviceCoords(pos);

-    unicam_.OnButtonUp(mouse_xy);

-}

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-void MyGraphicsApp::InitOpenGL() {

-    projMatrix_ = Matrix4::perspective(30, aspect_ratio(), 1, 20);

-    unicam_.set_view_matrix(Matrix4::lookAt(Point3(2.5,1,2.5), Point3(0,0,0), Vector3(0,1,0)););

-}

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-void MyGraphicsApp::DrawOpenGL() {

-    // draw your scene using the view matrix from UniCam

-    Matrix4 proj_matrix = Matrix4::Perspective(60, aspect_ratio(), 0.001, 10);;

-    Matrix4 view_matrix = uniCam.view_matrix();

-    Matrix4 model_matrix = Matrix4::RotateY(to_radians(45.0));

-    quickShapes.DrawCube(model_matrix, view_matirx, proj_matrix, Color(1,1,1));

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-    // tell unicam to draw itself (i.e., the small sphere that marks the center of

-    // rotation when in rotation mode)

-    unicam_.Draw(proj_matrix);

-}

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Definition at line 105 of file unicam.h.

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#include <unicam.h>

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-Public Member Functions
	UniCam ()
	Creates a UniCam object with an initial view matrix = identity. More...

	UniCam (const Matrix4 &initialViewMatrix)
	Creates a UniCam object with the supplied initial view matrix. More...

virtual	~UniCam ()

void	OnButtonDown (const Point2 &normalizedMousePos, float mouseZ)
	Attach this to whatever mouse button you wish, for example, call this from within GraphicsApp::OnRightMouseDown(). If your mousePos is reported in pixels, you will need to convert it to normalized device coordinates before passing it on to this routine. The depth buffer value for the pixel under the mouse is also needed. If you are using GraphicsApp, you can access both of these as follows: More...

void	OnDrag (const Point2 &normalizedMousePos)
	Attach this to the corresponding mouse move event, for example, call this from within GraphicsApp::OnRightMouseDrag(). If your mousePos is reported in pixels, you will need to convert it to normalized device coordinates before passing it on to this routine. Within GraphicsApp, use: More...

void	OnButtonUp (const Point2 &normalizedMousePos)
	Attach this to the corresponding button up event, for example, call this from within GraphicsApp::OnRightMouseUp(). If your mousePos is reported in pixels, you will need to convert it to normalized device coordinates before passing it on to this routine. Within GraphicsApp, use: More...

void	AdvanceAnimation (double dt)
	Attach this to a callback that can be used to control animation. Within GraphicsApp::UpdateSimulation(), use: More...

void	Draw (const Matrix4 &projectionMatrix)
	Finally, attach this to your draw callback routine. Within GraphicsApp::DrawUsingOpenGL(), use: More...

Matrix4	view_matrix ()
	Access the camera view matrix created by the UniCam interactions via this method and use it to draw the geometry in your scence. For example, within GraphicsApp::DrawUsingOpenGL(), you might have: More...

Point3	eye ()
	Returns the "eye" point (i.e., focal point) of the camera in world space coordinates. More...

Vector3	look ()
	Returns the look direction (i.e., -Z axis of the camera matrix) in world space coordinates. More...

void	set_view_matrix (Matrix4 viewMatrix)
	This is not required, but you may use this if you wish to set an initial view matrix or reset the view matrix. More...

void	set_default_depth (float d)
	This sets the depth of the center of rotation for the case when the user's click does not intersect any geometry. It defaults to 4 units, but the right value to use depends very much on the current scene. For example, you could set a very good value by calculating the current centroid of your scene and the finding the depth of this point (the distance along the look vector) relative to the camera. More...

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Constructor & Destructor Documentation

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◆ UniCam() [1/2]

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mingfx::UniCam::UniCam ( )

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Creates a UniCam object with an initial view matrix = identity.

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◆ UniCam() [2/2]

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mingfx::UniCam::UniCam ( const Matrix4 & initialViewMatrix )

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Creates a UniCam object with the supplied initial view matrix.

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◆ ~UniCam()

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virtual mingfx::UniCam::~UniCam ( )

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Member Function Documentation

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◆ AdvanceAnimation()

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void mingfx::UniCam::AdvanceAnimation ( double dt )

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Attach this to a callback that can be used to control animation. Within GraphicsApp::UpdateSimulation(), use:

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uniCam.AdvanceAnimation(dt);

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◆ Draw()

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void mingfx::UniCam::Draw ( const Matrix4 & projectionMatrix )

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Finally, attach this to your draw callback routine. Within GraphicsApp::DrawUsingOpenGL(), use:

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uniCam.Draw(projMatrix);

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◆ eye()

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Point3 mingfx::UniCam::eye ( )

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Returns the "eye" point (i.e., focal point) of the camera in world space coordinates.

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◆ look()

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Vector3 mingfx::UniCam::look ( )

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Returns the look direction (i.e., -Z axis of the camera matrix) in world space coordinates.

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◆ OnButtonDown()

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void mingfx::UniCam::OnButtonDown	(	const Point2 &	normalizedMousePos,
		float	mouseZ
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Attach this to whatever mouse button you wish, for example, call this from within GraphicsApp::OnRightMouseDown(). If your mousePos is reported in pixels, you will need to convert it to normalized device coordinates before passing it on to this routine. The depth buffer value for the pixel under the mouse is also needed. If you are using GraphicsApp, you can access both of these as follows:

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Point2 mouse_xy = PixelsToNormalizedDeviceCoords(mouse_in_pixels);

-float mouse_z = ReadZValueAtPixel(mouse_in_pixels);

-uniCam.OnButtonDown(mouse_xy, mouse_z);

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◆ OnButtonUp()

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void mingfx::UniCam::OnButtonUp ( const Point2 & normalizedMousePos )

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Attach this to the corresponding button up event, for example, call this from within GraphicsApp::OnRightMouseUp(). If your mousePos is reported in pixels, you will need to convert it to normalized device coordinates before passing it on to this routine. Within GraphicsApp, use:

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Point2 mouse_xy = PixelsToNormalizedDeviceCoords(mouse_in_pixels);

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uniCam.OnButtonUp(mouse_xy);

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◆ OnDrag()

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void mingfx::UniCam::OnDrag ( const Point2 & normalizedMousePos )

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Attach this to the corresponding mouse move event, for example, call this from within GraphicsApp::OnRightMouseDrag(). If your mousePos is reported in pixels, you will need to convert it to normalized device coordinates before passing it on to this routine. Within GraphicsApp, use:

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Point2 mouse_xy = PixelsToNormalizedDeviceCoords(mouse_in_pixels);

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uniCam.OnDrag(mouse_xy);

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◆ set_default_depth()

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void mingfx::UniCam::set_default_depth ( float d )

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This sets the depth of the center of rotation for the case when the user's click does not intersect any geometry. It defaults to 4 units, but the right value to use depends very much on the current scene. For example, you could set a very good value by calculating the current centroid of your scene and the finding the depth of this point (the distance along the look vector) relative to the camera.

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◆ set_view_matrix()

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void mingfx::UniCam::set_view_matrix ( Matrix4 viewMatrix )

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This is not required, but you may use this if you wish to set an initial view matrix or reset the view matrix.

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◆ view_matrix()

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Matrix4 mingfx::UniCam::view_matrix ( )

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Access the camera view matrix created by the UniCam interactions via this method and use it to draw the geometry in your scence. For example, within GraphicsApp::DrawUsingOpenGL(), you might have:

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Matrix4 P = Matrix4::Perspective(30, aspect_ratio(), 1, 20);

-Matrix4 V = unicam.view_matrix();

-Matrix4 M = Matrix4::RotateY(GfxMath::ToRadians(45.0));

-quick_shapes.DrawCube(M, V, P, Color(1,1,1));

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The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:

src/unicam.h

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+Public Member Functions
	UniCam ()
	Creates a UniCam object with an initial view matrix = identity. More...

	UniCam (const Matrix4 &initialViewMatrix)
	Creates a UniCam object with the supplied initial view matrix. More...

virtual	~UniCam ()

void	OnButtonDown (const Point2 &normalizedMousePos, float mouseZ)
	Attach this to whatever mouse button you wish, for example, call this from within GraphicsApp::OnRightMouseDown(). If your mousePos is reported in pixels, you will need to convert it to normalized device coordinates before passing it on to this routine. The depth buffer value for the pixel under the mouse is also needed. If you are using GraphicsApp, you can access both of these as follows: More...

void	OnDrag (const Point2 &normalizedMousePos)
	Attach this to the corresponding mouse move event, for example, call this from within GraphicsApp::OnRightMouseDrag(). If your mousePos is reported in pixels, you will need to convert it to normalized device coordinates before passing it on to this routine. Within GraphicsApp, use: More...

void	OnButtonUp (const Point2 &normalizedMousePos)
	Attach this to the corresponding button up event, for example, call this from within GraphicsApp::OnRightMouseUp(). If your mousePos is reported in pixels, you will need to convert it to normalized device coordinates before passing it on to this routine. Within GraphicsApp, use: More...

void	AdvanceAnimation (double dt)
	Attach this to a callback that can be used to control animation. Within GraphicsApp::UpdateSimulation(), use: More...

void	Draw (const Matrix4 &projectionMatrix)
	Finally, attach this to your draw callback routine. Within GraphicsApp::DrawUsingOpenGL(), use: More...

Matrix4	view_matrix ()
	Access the camera view matrix created by the UniCam interactions via this method and use it to draw the geometry in your scence. For example, within GraphicsApp::DrawUsingOpenGL(), you might have: More...

Point3	eye ()
	Returns the "eye" point (i.e., focal point) of the camera in world space coordinates. More...

Vector3	look ()
	Returns the look direction (i.e., -Z axis of the camera matrix) in world space coordinates. More...

void	set_view_matrix (Matrix4 viewMatrix)
	This is not required, but you may use this if you wish to set an initial view matrix or reset the view matrix. More...

void	set_default_depth (float d)
	This sets the depth of the center of rotation for the case when the user's click does not intersect any geometry. It defaults to 4 units, but the right value to use depends very much on the current scene. For example, you could set a very good value by calculating the current centroid of your scene and the finding the depth of this point (the distance along the look vector) relative to the camera. More...

Detailed Description

-Public Member Functions

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ UniCam() [1/2]

◆ UniCam() [2/2]

◆ ~UniCam()

Member Function Documentation

◆ AdvanceAnimation()

◆ Draw()

◆ eye()

◆ look()

◆ OnButtonDown()

◆ OnButtonUp()

◆ OnDrag()

◆ set_default_depth()

◆ set_view_matrix()

◆ view_matrix()

Detailed Description

+Public Member Functions

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ UniCam() [1/2]

◆ UniCam() [2/2]

◆ ~UniCam()

Member Function Documentation

◆ AdvanceAnimation()

◆ Draw()

◆ eye()

◆ look()

◆ OnButtonDown()

◆ OnButtonUp()

◆ OnDrag()

◆ set_default_depth()

◆ set_view_matrix()

◆ view_matrix()